Three Pillars of Spirit-Led Conservation in Melanesia

In the lush islands of Melanesia, a unique approach to conservation has been flourishing for centuries - Spirit-Led Conservation. At the heart of this conservation effort are three interconnected pillars: spirit hotspots, customary fire-houses with customary elders, and customary laws. These pillars form a symbiotic relationship that not only preserves biodiversity but also protects traditional knowledge and empowers local communities.

Spirit hotspots are sacred sites believed to be inhabited by ancestral spirits who guide and protect the land. These sites are critical for maintaining the balance of nature and are often the focal point of conservation efforts in Melanesia. Customary fire-houses, known as bale koro in Fiji or tambarans in Papua New Guinea, are traditional meeting places where elders gather to discuss community matters, including conservation initiatives. These elders, or custodians of the land, play a pivotal role in passing down ecological knowledge and enforcing customary laws that regulate human activities in the environment.

Customary laws are a set of rules and regulations that govern the interaction between humans and nature. These laws are based on traditional beliefs and practices that have been passed down through generations. They dictate how resources should be managed, harvested, and protected to ensure the sustainability of the ecosystem. Violating these laws can result in spiritual consequences, reinforcing the connection between cultural practices and environmental stewardship.

One notable example of Spirit-Led Conservation in Melanesia is the Tonda Wildlife Management Area in Papua New Guinea. Here, customary elders work closely with conservation organizations to protect the diverse wildlife and ecosystems in the region. By enforcing customary laws and raising awareness about the importance of preserving their ancestral lands, the community has been able to reduce illegal logging and overfishing, leading to a resurgence in biodiversity.

Another case study is the Great Sea Reef in Fiji, where traditional leaders have established marine protected areas to safeguard coral reefs and marine life. By integrating customary laws with modern conservation practices, they have seen a significant increase in fish populations and the restoration of damaged coral reefs. This success has not only benefited the environment but has also enhanced local livelihoods through sustainable fishing practices.

The significance of these three pillars in preserving biodiversity and traditional knowledge in Melanesia cannot be overstated. By honoring the spiritual connections to the land, engaging with customary elders, and upholding customary laws, communities are able to protect their natural heritage for future generations. These conservation efforts not only contribute to environmental sustainability but also foster a sense of cultural pride and empowerment within the community.

Looking forward, the sustainability of Spirit-Led Conservation in Melanesia depends on the continued commitment of communities to uphold their traditional practices and adapt to changing environmental challenges. By integrating indigenous knowledge with modern scientific research, these conservation efforts have the potential to serve as a model for holistic and inclusive approaches to environmental management worldwide. As the world grapples with escalating climate change and biodiversity loss, the lessons learned from Melanesia's Spirit-Led Conservation efforts offer a beacon of hope for a more harmonious relationship between humans and nature.

Gossip dies when it hits a wise person's ears. Rumors are started by haters, carried by fools, and believed by idiots

Gossip and rumors have always been a part of human social interactions, fueling curiosity, intrigue, and sometimes strife within social circles. From petty rumors about someone's personal life to malicious gossip aimed at tarnishing reputations, the impact of these whispers can be far-reaching and damaging.

The statement "Gossip dies when it hits a wise person's ears. Rumors are started by haters, carried by fools, and believed by idiots" highlights the role of individual discernment in the propagation of rumors. Wise individuals possess the emotional intelligence to discern fact from fiction, understanding the potential harm caused by spreading false information. They choose not to engage in idle gossip, thereby extinguishing its power before it can take hold. On the other hand, haters, fools, and idiots are more likely to succumb to the allure of spreading rumors, whether out of jealousy, ignorance, or a desire for attention.

Psychologically, gossip serves as a form of social currency, allowing individuals to bond over shared information and establish hierarchies within social groups. By sharing secrets or rumors, individuals may feel a sense of belonging or importance within a community. However, the consequences of gossip can be severe, leading to fractured relationships, damaged reputations, and emotional distress for those targeted.

In today's digital age, the spread of rumors and gossip has been amplified through social media platforms, where misinformation can quickly go viral and reach a global audience. Recent examples of viral rumors include conspiracy theories about political figures, false claims about celebrities, and malicious attacks on individuals' character. In such instances, the impact of false information can be devastating, leading to public backlash, cyberbullying, and even legal repercussions.

So, how can we handle gossip and rumors in a wise and constructive manner? Firstly, it is crucial to approach information with a critical mindset, questioning the source, motives, and evidence behind rumors before accepting them as truth. Engaging in open and honest communication with others can help clarify misunderstandings and dispel false information. Additionally, practicing empathy and compassion towards those targeted by gossip can help mitigate its harmful effects and foster a culture of understanding and support within social circles.

Ultimately, gossip and rumors will always exist in some form within social circles. However, by cultivating a sense of discernment, empathy, and positive communication, we can navigate the complexities of interpersonal relationships with grace and integrity. As the saying goes, "Before you speak, let your words pass through three gates: Is it true? Is it necessary? Is it kind?" Let us strive to be the wise individuals who extinguish gossip and rumors before they can cause harm, creating a community built on trust, respect, and authenticity.

I Will Share My Dream Night 3 October 2024

I had a dream with all of you in it, so will share:

Hundreds of people were gathering inside a giant dome-shaped hall. It had no walls, just massive timber pillars painted in ochre red colour. The roof was 6 or 7 stories high and totally black. Like looking up at the night sky, but no moon or stars. The ground was black sand with round pebbles. The whole space might have been 3 or 4 football pitches in size.

Outside the terrain was rocky and volcanic. Either close to the sea or in flood plain of a river. The afterglow if sunset was visible on one side.

A smaller group of us were being hosted in a house nearby. Maybe 20 of us from FCF networks and a few other friends of mine. We didn't know everyone at the gathering in the hall.

We all were asked to wear black clothes, made from any thin material. When we arrived at the hall, we were all given turquoise blue knitted tunics to wear over our clothes. 

The only specific thing I can remember about any of you was Colin chanting a prayer in that super-deep Tibetan Buddhist style...

As soon as everyone was in the hall, a deep bass rhythm began. Seemed to come from the soil itself. Everyone went into free-form dance, no one leading, no centre.

Then I woke up and it was dawn.

Throughout history, there have been several figures who were executed by being burned alive

Throughout history, there have been several figures who were executed by being burned alive by the Catholic Church because they were considered to have deviated from the doctrine, committed heresy or were heretics.

Here are some of these figures.

No.1 - Giordano Bruno (1548–1600)

Quoted from britannica. Bruno was an Italian philosopher, mathematician, and astronomer who was sentenced to death by the Inquisition of the Roman Catholic Church. He is known for his views that support the concept of an infinite universe. In these theories, Giordano Bruno rejected the geocentric theory and embraced the heliocentric theory which states that the earth orbits the sun. And Bruno also rejected some of the core doctrines of the Catholic Church. However, this view was considered heretical by the church and he was eventually sentenced to death by being burned alive in the Campo de' Fiori square, Rome. When the death sentence was given, Giordano Bruno had time to say to the judges. (Maybe your fear of giving me punishment is greater than I myself who accept it.)

No. 2 -  Jan Hus (1369–1415)

Quoted from the world history encyclopedia.

Jan Hus was a Czech theologian and reformer who led the reform movement in Bohemia. Inspired by the work of John Whycliffe, he criticized various practices of the Catholic Church, including the sale of indulgences, and he called for reform in the church. Hus was sentenced to death because he was considered a heretic by the church. And he was then sentenced by the Council of Constantine by being burned alive. The death of Jan Hus, sparked the anger of his followers in Bohemia and sparked a reform movement known as the Hussite movement. His followers demanded church reform and rejected the dominance of Roman Catholicism. Which eventually sparked a war between the Hussites and the Catholic forces led by the Holy Roman Empire.

No. 3 - , William Tyndale (1494–1536)

Quoted from the World History Encyclopedia, William Tyndale was an English academic who translated the Bible into English. In 1524, Tyndale left England and settled in Germany. In Germany he began working on translating the Bible from the original Greek and Hebrew texts into English. Then a copy of his translated Bible was printed and smuggled into England. Tyndale's work became very influential but was also strictly prohibited, because it was considered a major crime at that time by the Catholic Church and the English government. At that time England was under the rule of King Henry VIII. Because of this work, he was considered a heretic by the Catholic authorities. Tyndale was arrested and executed by strangulation first, then his body was burned.

No. 4 - Jacques De Molay (1243–1314)

Quoted from sky history, Jacques de Molay was the last grand master of the Templar Knights. He was arrested on baseless charges and on the orders of King Philip IV of France and Pope Clement V. King Philip IV accused the Templar Knights of being involved in various heretical or heretical practices and other crimes, including idolatry, sexual abuse, and inappropriate secret activities. but the main reason was, because King Philip IV had a large debt to the Templar Knights, who were the main bankers at that time. then King Philip IV pressured Pope Clement V to support his actions against the Templar Knights. The Pope, who was under political and financial pressure from the French king at that time, finally agreed to issue a decree dissolving the order in 1312, through the bull "Vox in excelso". Jacques De Molay, the grand master of the Templar Knights was then arrested along with many other Templar members. after years of imprisonment and torture, he was finally executed by being burned alive in Paris. This severe punishment was not only the involvement of the Catholic Church at that time, but the process also involved significant political factors.

No. 5 - Girolamo Savonarola (1452–1498)

Quoted from the New World Encyclopedia, he was a Dominican friar and reformer from Italy who dared to criticize corruption in the Catholic Church. At that time, the Roman Catholic Church priests were increasingly corrupting morality, living a corrupt life. The papacy was filled with abuse and personal immorality in almost every district, sometimes there were also traveling vendors of forgiveness. Because of this, Savonarola withdrew from his secular studies. Because of his opposition, Savonarola was accused of being a heretic, because he uttered prophecies, incited, and committed religious errors. He was then excommunicated by Pope Alexander VI, the Pope appealed for his arrest and execution. On the day of his execution, he was taken to the "Piazza Della Signoria" with his two colleagues Fra Silvestro and Fra Domenico Da Pescia. The three were ritually stripped of their robes, humiliated as heretics and schismatics, and handed over to the secular authorities to be burned. then they were hung with chains on a cross, a large fire was lit beneath them and they were burned alive.

Sepanjang sejarah, ada beberapa tokoh yang dieksekusi dengan cara di bakar hidup hidup

Sepanjang sejarah, ada beberapa tokoh yang dieksekusi dengan cara di bakar hidup hidup oleh pihak gereja katolik. karena mereka dianggap menyimpang dari doktrin, melakukan bidat atau heretik. 

Berikut  beberapa tokoh tersebut di antaranya. 

No.1 - Giordano bruno" (1548–1600)

di kutip dari britannica. Bruno adalah seorang filsuf, matematikawan, dan astronom Italia yang dihukum mati oleh Inkuisisi gereja katolik romawi. Ia dikenal karena, pandangannya yang mendukung konsep alam semesta yang tak terbatas. dalam teori teori itu, giordano bruno menolak teori geosentris dan merangkul teori heliosentris yang menyatakan bumi mengorbit matahari. dan bruno juga menolak beberapa doktrin inti gereja katolik. namun, pandangan ini dianggap sesat oleh gereja dan dia akhirnya dihukum mati dengan cara dibakar hidup hidup di alun alun campo de' fiori, roma. ketika putusan hukuman mati di berikan, giordano bruno sempat berkata pada para hakim. ( mungkin ketakutan kalian dalam memberikan hukuman padaku, lebih besar daripada aku sendiri yang menerimanya.)

No. 2 -  Jan Hus (1369–1415)

di kutip dari world history encyclopedia. 

Jan Hus adalah seorang teolog dan reformis asal ceko, yang memimpin gerakan reformasi di bohemia. terinsprirasi oleh karya john whycliffe, Ia mengkritik berbagai praktik gereja katolik, termasuk penjualan surat pengampunan dosa, indulgensi", dan ia menyerukan reformasi dalam gereja. hus dihukum mati karena di anggap sesat oleh pihak gereja. dan iapun kemudian di jatuhi hukuman oleh konsili konstanz dengan cara dibakar hidup-hidup. kematian jan hus, memicu kemarahan pengikutnya di bohemia dan memicu gerakan reformasi yang dikenal sebagai gerakan hussite. para pengikutnya menuntut reformasi gereja dan menolak dominasi katolik roma. yang akhirnya memicu perang antara kaum hussite dan kekuatan katolik yang dipimpin oleh kekaisaran romawi suci.

No. 3 - , William Tyndale". (1494–1536)

di kutip dari world history encyclopedia, William Tyndale adalah seorang akademisi asal inggris yang menerjemahkan alkitab ke dalam bahasa inggris. pada tahun 1524, Tyndale meninggalkan inggris dan menetap di jerman. di jerman ia mulai bekerja menerjemahkan alkitab dari teks yunani dan ibrani asli ke dalam bahasa inggris. kemudian salinan alkitab terjemahannya dicetak dan diselundupkan ke inggris. karyanya Tyndale ini menjadi sangat berpengaruh tetapi juga dilarang keras, karena di anggap kejahatan besar pada masa itu oleh gereja katolik dan pemerintah inggris. yang mana saat itu inggris di bawah kekuasaan raja Henry VIII. karena karyanya ini, ia dianggap sesat oleh otoritas katolik. Tyndale pun di tangkap dan dieksekusi dengan cara dicekik terlebih dahulu, lalu tubuhnya dibakar.

No. 4 - , Jacques De Molay". (1243–1314)

di kutip dari sky history, Jacques de molay adalah grand master terakhir ordo kesatria templar. Ia ditangkap atas tuduhan tak berdasar dan atas perintah raja Philip IV dari Prancis dan Paus Clement V. raja philip IV menuduh para ksatria templar ini terlibat dalam berbagai praktik bid'at atau heretik dan kejahatan lainnya, termasuk penyembahan berhala, pelecehan seksual, dan kegiatan rahasia yang tidak pantas. namun alasan utamanya adalah, karena raja Philip IV memiliki hutang yang besar kepada ksatria templar, yang merupakan bankir utama pada masa itu. kemudian raja Philip IV menekan Paus Clement V untuk mendukung tindakannya terhadap ksatria templar. Paus yang berada di bawah tekanan politik dan keuangan dari raja prancis saat itu, akhirnya setuju untuk mengeluarkan dekrit pembubaran ordo pada tahun 1312 , melalui bulla "Vox in excelso". Jacques De Molay, grand master ksatria Templar ini kemudian ditangkap bersama banyak anggota templar lainnya. setelah bertahun-tahun di penjara dan disiksa, ia akhirnya dieksekusi dengan cara dibakar hidup-hidup di paris. hukuman berat ini tidak hanya saja keterlibatan gereja katolik saat itu, namun proses tersebut lebih melibatkan faktor politik yang signifikan. 

No. 5 - Girolamo Savonarola". (1452–1498)

di kutip dari new world encyclopedia, ia adalah seorang biarawan dominikan dan reformis asal italia yang berani mengkritik korupsi dalam gereja katolik. pada saat itu pendeta gereja katolik Roma semakin merusak moralitas, menjalani kehidupan yang korup. kepausan dipenuhi dengan penyalahgunaan dan amoralitas pribadi di hampir setiap distrik, terkadang terjadi juga penjaja keliling pengampunan dosa. karena hal inilah, Savonarola dia lebih menarik diri dari studi sekulernya. karena penentangannya ini, Savonarola didakwa karena di anggap sesat, karena dia mengucapkan nubuat, menghasut, dan melakukan kesalahan agama. ia kemudian di kucilkan oleh Paus Alexander VI , Paus menghimbau penangkapan dan eksekusi atas dirinya. pada hari eksekusinya, ia dibawa ke 

" Piazza Della Signoria " bersama dua rekannya Fra Silvestro dan Fra Domenico Da Pescia. ketiganya dilucuti jubahnya secara ritual, direndahkan sebagai orang yang sesat dan skismatis, dan diserahkan kepada penguasa sekuler untuk dibakar. kemudian mereka digantung dengan rantai di sebuah salib, api besar dinyalakan di bawah mereka dan merekapun di terbakar hidup hidup. 

Eksekusi-eksekusi ini sering kali dipicu oleh perbedaan teologis, politis, atau reformasi yang dianggap mengancam otoritas dan ajaran " Gereja Katolik " pada masa itu.

#faktasejarah #infosejarah #sejarahkelam #sejarah #duniasejarah #sejarahdunia #sejarahpopuler #sejarahmasalalu #kebenaransejarah

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The Importance of Biodiversity in Conservation Work

Biodiversity is the variety of life on Earth, from plants and animals to microorganisms and ecosystems. It plays a crucial role in the functioning of our planet and provides us with essential services such as clean air and water, food, medicine, and regulation. However, our planet is currently facing a biodiversity crisis, with species declining at an alarming rate.

Scientific findings have shown that human activities, such as deforestation pollution, overfishing, and climate change, are the main drivers of this decline. In fact, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) reported up to one million species are at risk of extinction due to human actions. This loss of biodiversity has serious consequences for ecosystems, economies, and human well-being.

Conservation efforts are crucial to protect and restore biodiversity hotspots, which are regions with a high level of species richness and endemism. These hotspots are often home to unique and vulnerable species that are found nowhere else on Earth. By conserving these areas, we can help prevent the loss of biodiversity and ensure that future generations can enjoy the benefits of a healthy and thriving planet.

There are several key reasons why conservation efforts are important. Firstly, biodiversity is essential for the resilience and stability of ecosystems. A diverse range of species ensures that ecosystems can adapt to changing environmental conditions, such as climate change or disease outbreaks. Without biodiversity, ecosystems are more vulnerable to disruptions and are less able to provide essential services to humans.

Secondly, biodiversity is also important for human health and well-being. Many medicines and medical treatments are derived from plants, animals, and other organisms, with up to 80% of the world's population relying on traditional medicine for their primary healthcare needs. By conserving biodiversity, we can ensure that future generations have access to these valuable resources.

Lastly, conservation efforts can also have tangible benefits for local communities and economies. Protected areas, such as national parks and nature reserves, can attract tourists and provide opportunities for sustainable development, such as eco-tourism and sustainable agriculture. Preserving biodiversity can also help to maintain ecosystem services, such as clean water and air, which are essential for human health and well-being.

There are many examples of successful conservation efforts that have helped to protect and restore biodiversity hotspots around the world. For instance, the Galapagos Islands in Ecuador have been designated as a UNESCO World Heritage site and a marine reserve, which has helped to conserve the unique species found on the islands, such as giant tortoises and marine iguanas. Similarly, the Great Barrier Reef in Australia has been designated as a marine park, which has helped to protect the coral reefs and the thousands of species that rely on them for survival.

In conclusion, conservation work is essential for protecting biodiversity and ensuring the health and well-being of our planet. By taking action to conserve and restore biodiversity hotspots, we can help to prevent species declines, maintain essential ecosystem services, and ensure a sustainable future for generations to come. It is up to all of us to play our part in preserving the diversity of life on Earth, so let's take action today to protect our planet for tomorrow.

Johan van Bruggen was a missionary from the Netherlands who dedicated his to serving the people of Papua New Guinea

Some historical spiritual birthplace like: Ranara. Moga. Yasi/Raipinka.Kambaidam. Lae. 41 Mile. Markham. Waritsian where Johan Frederik van Bruggen set foot with Gospel of Agape.

The Funeral Service to Celebrate the life Johan van Bruggen will be held at Our Saviours Lutheran Church on Friday 13th at 2.00pm, followed by overnight at Tent Siti his home.

His resting place until the trumpet sound will be at Waritsian, (the home of revival May 5, 1989).

Johan van Bruggen was a missionary from the Netherlands who dedicated his to serving the people of Papua New Guinea. Born in 1935, van Bruggen felt called to missionary work from a young age and decided to pursue this calling after completing his studies in theology.

In 1964, van Bruggen arrived in Papua New Guinea with a passion for spreading the message of Christianity and helping improve the lives of the local communities. He quickly immersed himself in the culture and language of the people, learning Tok Pisin and developing strong relationships with the villagers.

Van Bruggen's work as a missionary had a lasting impact on the people of Papua New Guinea. He established schools, medical clinics, and churches, providing education, healthcare, and spiritual guidance to those in need. He also worked with local leaders to promote sustainable development and improve living conditions in the villages.

Throughout his time in Papua New Guinea, van Bruggen faced many challenges, including cultural differences, language barriers, and health issues. However, his unwavering faith and determination allowed him to overcome these obstacles and continue his mission.

In September 2024, Johan van Bruggen passed away at the age of 89, leaving behind a legacy of compassion, kindness, and service. His dedication to helping others and spreading the love of God will always be remembered by the people whose lives he touched.

Van Bruggen's impact on Papua New Guinea will continue to be felt for generations to come, as the communities he served continue to thrive and grow. His legacy serves as a reminder of the power of faith, love, and selflessness in making a difference in the world. Johan van Bruggen may no longer be with us, but his spirit lives on in the hearts of those who were touched by his kindness and generosity.

Wewo, “the Bird of No-Turning-Back” from New Guinea Island

The Isle of New Guinea

Figure 1. The Isle of New Guinea: West Papua and Papua New Guinea Nation States 

In the dense jungles of New Guinea, there is said to be a mysterious and elusive bird known as Wewo in Lani Language of western New Guinea. Wewo literally means, “The Bird of No Turning Back”. Locals in New Guinea call in many different thousands of languages, but in Lani, it means the bird that teaches human beings to be commissioned, committed, and consistent and no turning back whatsoever for whatever reason.

This bird is not the same as the general Bird of Paradise known by the world. In fact, in local languages in New Guinea, different species of the Bird of Paradise are called in totally different names. For example, the commonly known bird of paradise, Goldie’s bird of paradise (Paradisaea decora) is called Wolem in Lani Language. And the ribbon-tailed astrapia is medium-sized, up to 32 cm long, is called Wewo.

 

Scientifically, it is known as Astrapia, a genus of birds-of-paradise. The genus contains five species, all endemic to New Guinea. The males have highly iridescent plumage and remarkably long tails. Females are duller and have shorter tails.

 

The ribbon-tailed astrapia is medium-sized, up to 32 cm long (without including the tail of the male, which can be over 1 metre). Male ribbon-tailed astrapia are generally around 125 cm whereas females are around 35 cm. The body of males are velvet black. The male has an iridescent olive green and bronze plumage and is adorned with ornamental “ball” plume above its bill and two extremely long, ribbon-like white tail feathers. The female has a much duller brown and black body with an iridescent head. Unlike males, females do not have the long white tails.

Figure 2. One the Left of the Screen is WEWO, and on the Right of You is the Famous Wolem

 

The Meaning of Wewo

Many stories and myths surround Wewo, with some claiming that it can lead the paths towards destination, it knows where to go even there are obstacles of clouds, rains, landslides and thunder, high tides or slopes, whatsoever. It knows what to do at the steps and stages of the journey, until it reaches the end destination. It knows the end before starting. 

 

Even though many times it sacrifices its own life, it never changes its way of running life all the time with its motto: “always move forward, even death is the risk for doing so”.

 

The legend of Wewo has been passed down through generations in New Guinea, with many tribes holding ceremonies and rituals to honour the bird or its teachings and examples in this every-changing earth and progressive worlds. It is believed that those who seek out Wewo with pure intentions will be granted wisdom and guidance that can help them navigate the challenges of life.

 

Wewo has nothing to do with myth or superstition, it is a life machine, that gives light on how to lead the way and reach the goal. The Bird of No Turning Back continues to teach and during its life on earth, it becomes life examples for human beings to learn, both good and bad sides of “no-turning-back principle” in life.

Benefits of the Principle of “No-Turning-Back”

The principle of "No Turning Back" is a mindset that is commonly associated with perseverance, determination, and resilience. It is the idea that once you commit to a goal or a decision, you will not allow yourself to give up or turn, you will not allow others to turn you away, regardless of the obstacles or challenges that may arise. This principle has many benefits and can greatly impact your personal and professional life in positive way.

 

One of the main of incorporating the principle of "No Turning Back" into your life is that it helps resilience and mental strength. By committing to a goal or decision and sticking with it no matter what, you are training your mind to overcome obstacles and challenges with determination and perseverance. This mindset can help you push through difficult times and setbacks, ultimately leading to greater success and achievement.

 

Another benefit of the principle of "No Turning Back" is that it can help you stay focused and motivated. When you commit to a goal or decision and make a conscious decision not to give up, you are more likely to stay motivated and on track. This can help you maintain consistency in your efforts and ultimately reach your desired outcome. This will help you not to turn to the side or turn back when noises arise around you. It will keep you always focus on one and the only direction: forward!

 

Additionally, the principle of "No Turning Back" can help you build self-discipline and improve your self-confidence. When you are able to stick with your decisions and commitments, even when faced with challenges or setbacks, you are proving to yourself that you are capable of achieving your goals. This can boost your self-confidence and help you develop a greater sense of self-discipline. This will also raise the confidence of others around you to trust in your commitment and steps in leadership or to be among them.

 

In a professional setting, the principle of "No Turning Back" can also be beneficial. It can demonstrate to your colleagues and superiors that you are committed and dedicated to your work, which can help you stand out and advance in your career. Employers value employees who are determined and persistent in achieving their goals and incorporating this principle into your work ethic can help you make a positive impression in the workplace.

 

Overall, the principle of "No Turning Back" has many benefits that can positively impact both your personal and professional life. By committing to your goals and decisions with determination and perseverance, you can build resilience, stay focused and motivated, and improve your self-discipline and self-confidence. Incorporating this mindset into your life can help you achieve greater success and fulfilment in all aspects of your life. By learning from the “Bird of No-Turning Back”, Wewo in Lani language of Western New Guinea, we humble ourselves to be committed and say that, “Yes, it is possible, and it is realistic to be forward moving persons, at whatever costs, as we believe, we will finally arrive to the shore!”

Advantages and Disadvantages of “No-Turning-Back” Principle in Life

The principle of " Turning Back" is often a popular mantra in various aspects of life, including personal decisions, business ventures, and even relationships. This principle emphasizes the importance of commitment, determination, and perseverance in achieving one's goals. While this principle can be incredibly beneficial, it also comes with its own set of advantages disadvantages.

Advantages:

1. Commitment: One of the greatest advantages of abiding by the principle of "No Turning Back" is the commitment it instils in individuals. By making a firm decision to not look or give up when faced challenges, individuals are more likely to stay focused and dedicated to their goals.

 

2. Persistence: The principle of "No Turning Back" encourages individuals to push through obstacles and setbacks, regardless of how difficult they may seem. This persistence can help individuals overcome challenges and achieve success in the long run.

 

3. Resilience: By adopting this principle, individuals can build resilience and develop a strong mindset that can help them navigate through tough times. This resilience can be incredibly beneficial in overcoming adversity and bouncing back from failures.

 

4. Goal achievement: The principle of "No Turning Back" can help individuals stay on track and work towards their goals with unwavering determination. This can lead to greater success and fulfilment in both personal and professional endeavours.

Disadvantages:

1. Stubbornness: While commitment and perseverance are important qualities, the principle of "No Turning Back" can sometimes lead individuals to be too stubborn or inflexible in their decisions. This can prevent them from recognizing when it may be necessary to change course or reevaluate their goals.

 

2. Risk: The principle of "No Turning Back" can sometimes blind individuals to the potential risks and consequences of their decisions. In some cases, it may be necessary to reassess and adapt plans in order to mitigate risks and avoid potential failures.

 

3. Burnout: Constantly pushing forward without allowing for breaks or reflection can lead to burnout and exhaustion. It's important for individuals to recognize when it may be necessary to take a step back, regroup, and recharge in order to maintain a healthy balance.

 

4. Missed opportunities: By adhering strictly to the principle of "No Turning Back," individuals may miss out on valuable opportunities for growth, learning, and development. It's important to strike a balance between commitment and flexibility in order to maximize potential opportunities.

 

In conclusion, while the principle of "No Turning Back" can be a powerful motivator and driver of success, progressive way of life, it's important for everyone to approach it with a sense of balance and moderation. By staying committed and focused on their goals while also remaining open to change and adaptation, one can reap the benefits of this principle while minimizing its potential drawbacks.

 

For Wewo, it is clear from the meaning and philosophical principles that consistently progressive is the approach, while acknowledging that risks will always arise, but the task for Wewo is not on the obstacles, even not to the risks for life, but of the destination of the journey of life. It means, when the clouds block the sight, Wewo needs to fly higher than the clouds; and when facing high tides, Wewo always tries to climb up and down with the tides, not against it. It is definitely clear,  that the world “turn back” does not exist in the living dictionary of Wewo, by default, this machine is made for forward only, it has no “retrieve” or “rewind” button.

Gardening as Horticultural Therapy for Mental Health

Gardening has long been recognized as a therapeutic activity that can have numerous benefits for mental health. Known as horticultural therapy, this practice involves using gardening and plant-related activities to improve physical, mental, and emotional well-being. you have a sprawling garden or just a few pots on a balcony, engaging in gardening can have a profound impact on mental health.

One the key benefits of gardening as horticultural therapy is its ability to reduce stress and anxiety. Spending time outdoors in nature and tending plants can help to calm the mind and reduce feelings of tension and worry. The rhythmic and repetitive nature of gardening tasks, such as weeding, planting, and watering, can also have a grounding effect that helps to quiet the mind and promote relaxation.

Gardening can also provide a sense of accomplishment and purpose, which can be especially beneficial for those struggling with depression or low self-esteem. Watching seeds sprout, plants grow, and flowers bloom can be incredibly rewarding and can help to boost confidence and self-worth. Additionally, caring for plants requires a sense of responsibility, which can help to create a sense of routine and structure in one's life.

In addition to its mental health benefits, gardening has also been shown to have physical health benefits. Engaging in activities such as digging, planting, and weeding can provide a gentle form of exercise that helps to improve physical fitness and overall well-being. Spending time outdoors in the fresh air and sunshine can also help to boost vitamin D levels, which is essential for maintaining a healthy immune system and mood.

For those struggling with conditions such as anxiety, depression, PTSD, or ADHD, horticultural therapy can be a valuable tool in their mental health toolkit. Many mental health professionals are now recognizing the benefits of gardening as a complementary therapy to traditional forms of treatment, such as medication and therapy. In fact, some treatment facilities and hospitals have even incorporated gardening programs into their treatment plans for patients.

Whether you are an experienced gardener or new to the practice, incorporating gardening into your routine can have numerous benefits for your mental health. So, why not grab a shovel, some seeds, and get your hands dirty? Your mind, body, and soul will thank you for it.

By Wewo Kotokay

East Melanesian Islands - Threats

A number of factors have led to an escalation in the scale and intensity of threats to biodiversity in the East Melanesian Islands Hotspot. They include: deforestation, agriculture, mining, coastal development, over-harvesting, invasive species and climate change and sea level rise.

Deforestation

Forest cover varies greatly across the hotspot, ranging from 40 to 90 percent of total land area in the high islands. The economic value of these forests to countries of the East Melanesian Islands is high.

Despite constitutionally recognized customary land ownership, the logging industry continues to wield tremendous influence over natural resources across the hotspot, often taking advantage of the limited capacity of local communities to defend their interests against outside entrepreneurs.

Agriculture

The lack of arable flat land for subsistence gardening and artisanal agriculture has forced farmers to cultivate upland and steep-slope areas, which are more prone to erosion and landslides.

Agriculture in the hotspot has expanded as human populations have grown and consumption patterns have changed. As cultivated land does not have a sufficient fallow period, soil fertility is lost and new land is cleared. This results in deterioration in soil fertility, habitat destruction and eventual loss of biodiversity.

Commercial agriculture within the hotspot includes oil palm, coconut, rubber, coffee and sugar plantations as well as livestock. The increase in demand for these has resulted in the clearing of the original vegetation from large tracts of land, resulting in loss of vegetation cover, loss of biodiversity and increased erosion.

Mining

Papua New Guinea is currently highly ranked in the world in terms of gold and copper production. Nickel, zinc, cobalt and chromite have also been discovered, with huge deposits of undeveloped mineral resources spread across the country, including the islands region. Oil and natural gas deposits are found here, too.

Poor environmental practices in Papua New Guinea’s mining industry have resulted in a number of environmental problems, including the discharge of heavy metals, cyanide and acids into rivers, streams and coastal waters. The impacts of mining are particular problems for freshwater ecosystems, triggering collapses in populations of fish and other aquatic biodiversity, and causing dieback of vegetation along rivers and streams.

In the Solomon Islands, extensive gold deposits have been confirmed for the Gold Ridge area of Guadalcanal, and gold prospecting has been conducted in several areas of Western Province.

Coastal development

The expansion of coastal settlements and tourism development is often accompanied by habitat loss, particularly of mangroves and other coastal vegetation. Along with logging and plantation establishment, these coastal developments increase the risk of siltation of surrounding reef systems. Siltation kills coral polyps and is capable of altering the community structure of reefs.

Overharvesting

Pressures of population growth and enhanced material expectations have resulted in overharvesting of resources, both terrestrial and marine, by local people.

Mangrove removal for fuel production and coastal development is happening in many places in the hotspot at a rate faster than regeneration. Harvest of large amounts of natural resources is also common within the context of certain cultural practices or festivals, such as the collection of seabird eggs during yam festivals.

Invasive species

Island ecosystems are particularly vulnerable to the effects of invasive alien species. In the East Melanesian Islands, invasives are becoming increasingly widespread, especially pigs, feral house cats, rats and little red fire ants, which have reached plague levels on many of the islands.

Climate change and sea level rise

Climate change is predicted to have significant impacts on marine, terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems in the hotspot.

In response to sea-level rise, mangroves may migrate landward and, where migration is not possible, mangrove species and ecosystem area will decline or be lost.

With the changes in precipitation and temperature patterns that are predicted to occur, forests will become more susceptible to invasive species and fire, resulting in broad ecosystem shifts, loss of ecosystem services and loss of habitat for certain species.

Coral reef ecosystems are expected to be highly threatened by the cumulative impacts of ocean acidification, rising sea temperature, sea-level rise and increased storm activity that are projected to be experienced in the near future.

The Arguments of Scarcity and Environmental Degradation in Modern Conservation Efforts

Scarcity and environmental degradation are two pressing issues that have become central the argument for conservation efforts. The concept scarcity refers to the limited availability of resources, whether be water, land, or wildlife. On the other, environmental degradation refers to the decline in the quality of the natural environment due to human activities such as deforestation, pollution, and climate change. Both of these issues are interconnected and pose a significant threat to ecosystems and biodiversity.

 

One key argument for conservation in the face of scarcity and environmental degradation is the need to protect and preserve our natural resources for future generations. human populations continue to grow, the demand for resources such as water, food, and energy also increases. This puts pressure on ecosystems and can lead to overexploitation and depletion of resources. By implementing conservation measures, we can ensure that these resources are managed sustainably and will be available for future generations to enjoy.

 

Additionally, environmental degradation poses a threat to biodiversity and the stability of ecosystems. As habitats are destroyed and species are pushed to extinction, the balance of ecosystems is disrupted, leading to negative consequences for both the environment and human well-being. Conservation efforts aim to protect and restore habitats, promote biodiversity, and mitigate the impacts of environmental degradation. By preserving natural spaces and wildlife, we can help maintain ecosystem services, such as clean water, air, and soil, that are essential for human survival.

 

Moreover, scarcity and environmental degradation can exacerbate social and economic inequalities. For example, communities that rely on natural resources for their livelihoods may suffer disproportionately from the impacts of habitat loss and pollution. Conservation efforts that promote sustainable resource management and support local communities can help alleviate these disparities and build resilience in the face of environmental challenges.

 

In conclusion, the argument for conservation in the face of scarcity and environmental degradation is clear: we must take action to protect and preserve our natural resources for future generations, maintain biodiversity and ecosystem stability, and promote social and economic equity. By working together to address these issues, we can create a more sustainable and resilient future for our planet and all its inhabitants.

Fellows of the Stone, by Kogoyanak Modla

Fellows of the Stone,

Buried deep within our hearts,

Your kinship means more to me

Than words can express.

Kwun Yum Shan; 

Eloma; 

Manyelalung.

The ancestors watch and wait; 

Hear the longing

In our prayers, as we

Stumble toward perfection.

Timbuktu in Mali is home to one of the World's oldest University

Today Mali 🇲🇱  Had A  University in the 1200 AD that taught Astronomie, Geographie, medicine, Mathematics and  so on. Home of Mansa Musa, Richest Man in the History of Mankind!!!

Timbuktu in Mali is home to one of the World's oldest University, Sankore which had libraries filled with manuscript written in Ajama (African languages such as Hausa written in scripts in form of Arabic) in the 1200AD.

University of Sankore is believed to be built by Mansa Musa around 988AD the richest man in history. Subjects studied in the university included Geography, Astronomy, Medicine, Mathematics, Science and even history, despite the fact that history was never part of any teaching curriculum in the Islamic world at the time.

When Europeans and Asians begin visiting and Colonizing Mali in the 1300s to 1800s the Malians began hiding their Manuscripts in basement, attics and underground in fear of destruction or theft by foreigners.

In recent history many as 700,000 scripts had been rediscovered and is in modern and advanced mathematics.

#Books #Africa #Beauty

Making free liquid fertilizer from various sources is a sustainable and cost-effective

Making free liquid fertilizer from various sources is a sustainable and cost-effective way to provide nutrients to your plants. Here’s how you can make liquid fertilizer from common household and garden materials:

 Materials You Can Use:

1. Kitchen Scraps:

   - Fruit and Vegetable Peels: Banana peels, potato peels, citrus peels, etc.

   - Coffee Grounds: Rich in nitrogen.

   - Eggshells: Rich in calcium.

2. Yard and Garden Waste:

   - Grass Clippings: Rich in nitrogen.

   - Weeds: Before they seed, to avoid spreading weeds.

   - Trimmed Plant Material: Leaves, stems, and prunings.

3. Other Ingredients:

   - Manure: Preferably aged or composted to avoid burning plants.

   - Seaweed: Rich in trace minerals.

   - Fish Scraps: Heads, bones, and guts (for a fish emulsion).

 Methods to Make Liquid Fertilizer:

 1. Compost Tea:

- Ingredients: Compost or compostable materials (kitchen scraps, yard waste).

- Method: Place compost or compostable materials in a bucket or barrel filled with water. Let it steep for a few days to weeks, stirring occasionally. Strain out the solids and dilute the resulting liquid before using it to water plants.

 2. Manure Tea:

- Ingredients: Aged or composted manure (cow, horse, chicken).

- Method: Place manure in a burlap sack or old pillowcase and submerge it in a bucket of water. Let it steep for several days to weeks, stirring occasionally. Dilute before using to avoid burning plants.

 3. Weed Tea:

- Ingredients: Weeds (before they seed).

- Method: Place weeds in a bucket or barrel filled with water. Let them steep for several weeks. Strain out the solids and use the liquid as fertilizer. Dilute before use.

 4. Seaweed Extract:

- Ingredients: Fresh or dried seaweed (preferably rinsed to remove excess salt).

- Method: Rinse seaweed and chop it into small pieces. Place in a bucket or barrel filled with water. Let it steep for a few days to weeks. Strain out the solids and dilute the liquid before using it as fertilizer.

 5. Fish Emulsion:

- Ingredients: Fish scraps (heads, bones, guts).

- Method: Fill a bucket with fish scraps and cover with water. Let it ferment for several weeks, stirring occasionally. Strain out the solids and dilute before using as a liquid fertilizer.

 Tips for Making and Using Liquid Fertilizer:

- Dilution: Always dilute liquid fertilizers to prevent burning plants. A typical ratio is about 10 parts water to 1 part fertilizer.

  

- Application: Use liquid fertilizer as a soil drench or foliar spray. Apply it to the base of plants or directly onto leaves.

- Frequency: Apply liquid fertilizer every 2-4 weeks during the growing season, or as needed based on plant growth and nutrient deficiencies.

- Storage: Store liquid fertilizers in sealed containers in a cool, dark place. Use within a few weeks to maintain effectiveness.

By making liquid fertilizer from household and garden waste, you can reduce waste, improve soil fertility, and promote healthier plant growth without relying on synthetic chemicals. It’s an eco-friendly and sustainable gardening practice that benefits both your plants and the environment.

This is where it all began

This is where it all began. The Fertile Crescent. The cradle of civilization. 

For the first 190,000 years or so of human existence, we roved about in small hunter-gatherer bands, eking out a subsistence living day to day, constantly in fear of predators and of other humans. But about 10,000 years ago, in the Mesopotamian area between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in what is now Iraq, some people decided to stay put. It is impossible to overstate the importance of that decision.

In the Fertile Crescent an agriculturally-based society arose. Rather than wandering around searching for food in a constant state of conflict, humans began to plant seeds and grow their own crops. To store it they began building structures. To protect it they banded together in cooperation and mutual defense. Whereas before human societies were typically limited to a few dozen people, now villages arose—then towns, then cities. And humanity flourished.

Here, in these early settlements in the Fertile Crescent, humans first developed written language (probably to keep track of accounts). They domesticated animals. They invented the wheel, the plow, and multi-story architecture. Monotheistic religion arose. By about 2500 B.C. the first libraries were created. The things that we think of as characterizing “civilization” began here.

A few thousand years ago people from the Fertile Crescent fanned out into Europe and Asia, taking with them the knowledge accumulated there. And seeds and farm animals. The rest is history.

Of course, it wasn’t all pretty. We were still humans after all. Although social cooperation emerged on a scale that would have been previously unimaginable, violence and what we would now regard as superstition and injustice remained. But in the Fertile Crescent humans had taken an immensely important first step toward the flowering of the incredible civilization we enjoy today.

If "LAND IS LIFE", Why do Governments and NGOs Promote Participatory Mapping of Customary Land and Registration to Government Office?

 

Opening Comments to Paradox 01

I am puzzled when knowing that governments across Melanesia, starting from West Papua to Fiji, New Caledonia to Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and Papua New Guinea, governments of modern nation-states are promoting what they call, "Land Registration Campaign".

They say that our Customary Land will be properly protected when it is registered, and that if it is not registered, then there will be so many conflicts that will hinder development policies and activities in the field.

This Is truly paradoxical: It is Paradox 01

In one side, our customary land across Melanesia were safe and in good hands before modernisation processes reached our islands and villages, our families, clans and tribes. In fact, the land was always ours and we never got into trouble. For millions of years our customary lands were never registered. Modern nation-states by the names of Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands and so on never existed then. 

But now interestingly, just lately before Corona Virus hit us globally, the issue of land reigstration and land mapping becamse big issue, central issue across Melanesia.

In one hand, our land has been in good hands, in good condition without governments, before nation-states were born, or given names by colonial masters. But on the other hand, they are telling us that our customary land without map and registration at this "new animal office" called "Government office", then they say to us, "Your land will not be safe".

On top of this, many non-governmental organisastions also go around Melanesia and campaigning among villagers and islanders,  that they will bring in money, bring projects and help us map our customary lands, and they will help us register our lands to the government offices: most obviously to the Lands Department of the modern nation-state.

These NGOs appear like they are heroes who help indigenous peoples map their lands and reigster to the governments. They are proud that they help the tribal peoples.

THE FACT IS THE OTHER WAY AROUND!!!!

The fact is the these NGOs are helping the multinational and national companies and government offices to easily deal with land-owners in order to clear forests, draw contracts for plantations or mining, or give compensations to land owners whose land will be used to build fields or buildings for public use. The mapping and registration make it easier for the robbers and thieves to come and take away our natural resources, and even to take over our land.

Remember, that the land we call customary lands are not handed over to use for sale. It is our life, it is our future, it is our past. Our land is our life. Mapping land is mapping life! Registering land to the government offices is registering life to these new alien and consuming animals called "nation-state" and "government".

The paradox is for the government, they are saying they want to help, but in fact they are wiping out our customary land, become land readily mapped for exploitation. The paradox is the NGOs, they are saying they help us map our land and help us register to the Lands Departments on the modern nation-states' government offies, but they are actually speeding up the process of taking over our land and pushing us away from our customary lands.

Closing Notes

1. If "Land is Life!" then land is not to be mapped by foreigners or foreign institutions!
2. If "Land is Life!" then land is not for sale, then land should not be registered to foreign offices: including governments and NGOs offices! Indigenous tribes should own the map, register the land for themselves, in their own office.
3. If "Land is Life!" then land is for our future generations, not for us to sell now and finish it off in this generation!
4. If "Land is Life!" then mapping and registering lands for foreign interests and uses will wipe out our titles to the land, our identity with the land, our stories on the land.

We have witnessed Americans, Aborigines, Africans who have been taken away from their lands, and suffered a lot, due to colonial governments policies.

Today we are witnessing and experiencing those governments of free nations, governments officials and NGOs workers who are natively from our own islands and clans, they are they ones that forcing us to map and register our lands.

They are saying they are helping us, but the matter of fact is that they are actually wiping out our lives and our histories from our ancestral lands. This is truly a paradox.

The Happiest Man on Earth" by Eddie Jaku is a memoir

"The Happiest Man on Earth" by Eddie Jaku is a memoir that recounts the author's experiences as a Holocaust survivor and the lessons he learned about resilience, kindness, and the pursuit of happiness. 

Here are ten lessons from the book:

1. The Power of Positive Thinking: Eddie Jaku's unwavering optimism and positive outlook on life, despite enduring unimaginable suffering, serve as a testament to the transformative power of positive thinking in overcoming adversity.

2. The Importance of Resilience: Resilience is the ability to bounce back from hardship and adversity. Jaku's resilience in the face of persecution and loss highlights the strength of the human spirit to endure and persevere.

3. The Value of Kindness: Acts of kindness, no matter how small, have the power to make a profound difference in the lives of others. Jaku's experiences demonstrate the importance of compassion, empathy, and generosity towards one another.

4. The Dangers of Hate and Prejudice: The Holocaust serves as a stark reminder of the dangers of hate, prejudice, and discrimination. Jaku's story underscores the importance of combating intolerance and promoting acceptance and understanding.

5. The Gift of Forgiveness: Forgiveness is a gift that liberates both the forgiver and the forgiven. Jaku's ability to forgive those who caused him harm illustrates the transformative power of forgiveness in healing wounds and fostering reconciliation.

6. The Beauty of Diversity: Diversity enriches our lives and communities. Jaku's experiences highlight the beauty of embracing diversity and celebrating the richness of different cultures, religions, and backgrounds.

7. The Fragility of Freedom: Freedom is a precious gift that should never be taken for granted. Jaku's story serves as a poignant reminder of the fragility of freedom and the importance of safeguarding democracy and human rights.

8. The Resilience of the Human Spirit: Despite enduring unimaginable suffering and loss, Jaku's story is ultimately one of hope and resilience. His ability to find joy and meaning in life, even in the darkest of times, is a testament to the indomitable nature of the human spirit.

9. The Power of Love and Family: Love and family provide a source of strength and support during times of hardship. Jaku's deep love for his family and his determination to survive for their sake underscore the importance of familial bonds in sustaining hope and resilience.

10. The Pursuit of Happiness: True happiness is not found in material wealth or external circumstances but rather in cultivating gratitude, finding meaning and purpose, and cherishing the moments of joy and connection that life has to offer.

These lessons encapsulate the profound insights and universal truths found in Eddie Jaku's inspiring memoir, inviting readers to reflect on the enduring values of resilience, kindness, and the pursuit of happiness.

Book: https://amzn.to/4aza2jw

You can also get the AUDIO BOOK for FREE using the same link. Use the link to register for the AUDIO BOOK on Audible and start enjoying it.

Bob Marley was so right when he said.

Bob Marley was so right when he said.....💚🌿

“You may not be her first, her last, or her only. She loved before she may love again. But if she loves you now, what else matters? She's not perfect—you aren't either, and the two of you may never be perfect together but if she can make you laugh, cause you to think twice, and admit to being human and making mistakes, hold onto her and give her the most you can. She may not be thinking about you every second of the day, but she will give you a part of her that she knows you can break—her heart. So don't hurt her, don't change her, don't analyze and don't expect more than she can give. Smile when she makes you happy, let her know when she makes you mad, and miss her when she's not there.”

🙏👏

Strong and beautiful West Papuan women

A Poetry

For you:

"Strong and beautiful West Papuan women."

O West Papuan women..

If I hadn't told you that you were beautiful,

If I hadn't told you that your smile was beautiful,

Your dark skin is more beautiful than the night sky.

O West Papuan women..

Only you can understand,

What does it mean to be the queen of the West Papuan Nation,

What it means to be black, bold and beautiful.

O West Papuan women..

You've been boxed up to build your world right in the shadow of man,

And your gift,

They are buried with the umbilical cord of your unborn children.

You have worked in the fields and cooked food,

You have cared for the children and fed Husband,

You have become the backbone of this nation.

However,,

My dear West Papuan women,

You don't know who you are;

You are the light that shines in the darkness,

A beacon that restores hope to our hearts,

Source of strength and courage,

The embodiment of masculinity and femininity

The perfect creature.

You are more beautiful than a rose,

Your smile is like snow falling on a dry land,

Your eternal Afro is like the soft pillows of the clouds in the sky.

You gave birth in many skin tones;

Cream, Chocolate, Caramel, Mocha, Honey,

You are specially created by HIM.

You're sweeter than Oreos dipped in white milk,

You're warmer than hot chocolate in the dry season during a storm,

you are kindness,

you are grace,

You have no fear,

you are tough,

You're beautiful,

All wrapped up in one word "You are Special".

O West Papuan Women,

No matter where you are,

No matter how you think you look,

No matter how you see yourself,

You are a special gift to the world.

Rise up and make that change in the world,

Be that difference,

Hold your head up high like the queen was meant to be,

You are strong enough,

you are quite beautiful,

And,

My dear West Papuan women,

You are very special.

"For you, West Papuan Mama.

To you all Black Mama Nation.

And..

To you all the Mamas in the World."

️

2024 January Edition: THE HIRI

Papua New Guineans were great traders. "If you don't know." The HIRI, a South-coast trading expedition, is one of the famous tales ever told. Each month of October and November the Motu Koitabu people around Port Moresby sailed West to the Gulf of Papua in what is known as Lakatois filled with clay pots, arm shells, betel nuts and lots more to trade for sagos. 

Each year they sailed and return as Hiri was important for the two trading partners. The badi-tauna (captain) of each lakatois had their own trading relations with the Gulf villages. Some made short trips to villages near Yule Island, but other journeyed on to Kerema or even to the Kikori Delta. 

A journey of more than 300 kilometers with an average size fleet of about 20 lakatois having 30 men on board each. Sometimes rough seas destroy the lakatois while men and cargoes perish as their families are left to starved. 

To share some light into this famous trade, Sir Albert Maori Kiki, who helped led the country to Independence is one of the grand sons of a trader in the Gulf who remembers the Hiri voyages in Orokolo village in the 1968s. Sir Kiki was a politician, writer and trade union leader who died in 1993. 

As a witness, he described the trade was not conducted like common barter system. It had certain ceremony and declarations of friendships. Visitors were greeted with singsing and they carried their pots to the houses of their trade partners whom they knew and dealt with for years. One of the trade expedition leaders Heni, usually trades with Albert’s father. 

He would hand all his pots to Albert’s father while he tie knots in a piece of string to count the number of pots in sizes and shapes. In a similar manner the sagos are then exchanged accordingly, or often his father would prepare a canoe for Heni because the lakatoi needed to be repaired. 

If one of the Motuan dies in Orokolo during the trade, they burry him with full rites. Until in 1971, leaders in Port Moresby including Lord Mayor Oala Oala Rarua, thought it was time to celebrate Hiri so that people remember the voyages of the trade expedition. 

So the Hiri Festival was organized and hosted on every 16th day of September and was considered one of the national cultural events today.

#History_of_Papua_New_Guinea

#Eric_Jones

#Digital_Story_telling

10 OBSERVATIONS FROM PM's NATIONAL ADDRESS YESTERDAY

Here is a simple explanation of actions the Marape Govt will take based on PM's national TV address yesterday. 

1. 500 police officers who led the protest will be investigated and possibly be criminally charged and terminated They will be replaced by new recruits currently at Bomana as well as thousands of unemployed graduates who wish to pursue that career path. Some cops will go to Bomana prison. This may apply to soldiers as well. 

2. Department Secretaries for Finance, Treasury and Personnel Management have been suspended including Police Commissioner Manning. 

3. Individuals who spread misinformation on social media and incited violence will be investigated, arrested and charged under Cyber crime laws. 

4. Sponsors of the protest will be arrested and charged. PMV buses were hired to transport hundreds of people around. 

5. An investigation into the role of public servants is led by Chief Secretary Pomaleu and Secretary of Justic Dr Kwa. 

6. Political rivals of Marape behind the protest in one way or another will be investigated, arrested and charged. The proper way to take change government is on the floor of parliament, not by sponsoring unrest. 

7. State of Emregnecy is declared for 2 weeks in Pom. Acting Police Commissioner Yamasombi is the SOE Controller. SOE gazette notice yet to be issued. Joint forces of police, army and CIS were out in full strength last night. Over 200 cars and hundreds of armed disciplined force members patrolling the City. 

8. PM did not mention anythihg about Looters and arsonists who were captured by media and social media so they may not be prosecuted. Police may not have resources to do so. 

9. PM previously advised that businesses that suffered loss will have tax concessions given so they can rebuild. 

10. Public servant pay that was over deducted will be credited back to their accounts next fortnight and will never be deducted again. 

By Des Yaninen, 7am, Friday 12 January 2024.